mariel boatlift passenger names

Crowded conditions in South Florida immigration processing centers forced U.S. federal agencies to move many of the Marielitos to other centers in Fort Indiantown Gap; Fort McCoy; Camp Santiago, Puerto Rico; and Fort Chaffee. This population is composed o, With the images of Vietnam still fresh on their minds, Americans in the mid-1970s were confronted with horrifying news footage of half-starved Vietna, Beginning in 1953, when the United States helped to overthrow the popular Iranian prime minister Mohammad Mosaddeq (18821967), Iran condemned the Un, YUGOSLAVIA, RELATIONS WITH. The sudden arrival in South Florida of approximately 125,000 Cuban refugees in the Mariel boatlift may have been the largest single migratory influx in one region in American history. His essays and short stories appeared there and in various magazines in the United States and Latin America. Mariel Boatlift Exodus 1980 Passenger list and testimonies. Desde su llegada a Nueva York como refugiados en 1980, Reinaldo Arenas y Ren Cifuentes formaron una ntima y jocosa amistad que durara hasta los ltimos aos del escritor, con el cual colaborara en diferentes proyectos, incluyendo la fundacin de la revista Mariel. International coverage includes The Guardian, The Globe and Mail, Jerusalem Post, and El Pais. The term "Marielito" (plural "Marielitos") is used to refer to these refugees in both Spanish and English. Coping with Adolescent Refugees: The Mariel Boatlift. [44] Aside from the unemployment rate rising from 5.0 percent in April 1980 to 7.1 percent in July, the actual damage to the economy was marginal and followed trends across the United States at the time. As part of her research, Yanez said she had hoped to find more complete information about who was on which boat. However, at that point the Castro regime shut the doors in an attempt to halt the massive brain drain of professionals and skilled workers. The Mariel boatlift refers to the mass movement of approximately 125,000 Cuban asylum seekers to the United States from April to October 1980. Your source for public affairs research. This created an atmosphere of panic in those areas of the United States that received Mariel refugees. U.S. House of Representatives, Committee on the Judiciary, Subcommittee on Immigration, Refugees, and International Law, Mariel Cuban Detainees (1988). In its final form, the Heralds list aggregates, and makes searchable, two data sets. On Friday May 21, 2010, the Miami Herald unveiled the online Database for the Mariel Boatlift that took place between April and September of 1980. The database includes the names of the more than 130,000 Mariel refugees and other related information: US sponsor, boat name and date of entry. Boatlift. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The design of the site, which Yanez said transforms the data into a community project, encourages readers to contribute missing records and assign or remove anyone from a boat list. Stories will be collected virtually on a rolling basis and a series of prompts give participants ideas from where they can begin their story. After news of the agreement broke, many detained Marielitos in Oakdale and Atlanta prisons rioted and took hostages. [8] By May 1979, tours were being organized for Americans to participate in the Cuban Festival of Arts (Carifesta) in July, with flights departing from Tampa, Mexico City, and Montreal. There was no Mariel database in the Herald but a Peruvian Embassy asylum seekers' database, which is different and substantially shorter. The Mariel boatlift was a mass exodus of Cubans fleeing socialist Cuba for the United States. Soon after, word spread that the Peruvian embassy was open to asylum seekers, and in a matter of a few days over 10,000 Cubans had found their way into the confines of the embassy. Moreover, housing shortages had been a major problem since the Revolution, particularly in rural areas. Construction workers use antiquates methods in Havana, Cuba. Omissions? [51], Fidel Castro stated that those leaving in the Mariel boatlift were undesirable members of Cuban society. [31] Other sites were established at the Miami Orange Bowl and at various churches throughout the area. . The average cost increased 60%. You will need a valid UM CANES card to access, (Benito Zambrano, dir., 1993) / Sueos al pairo (Jos Luis Aparicio & Fernando Fraguela, dir., 2020). However, he focused only on workers who were. Entrants with no family or sponsors in the United States are given up to 180 days of services . Pier B of the Truman Annex during the boatlift. Cuban and Haitian entrants with family or sponsors in the United States are given 30 days of orientation and referral services. Boat filled with Cuban refugees arriving at Key West. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2014. In 1980, from April through October, over the course of seven months, roughly 125,000 Cubans fled Cuba for the United States. The Cuban government seized on this policy and charged the Carter administration with hypocrisy. (January 17, 2023). This policy was eventually extended to the Haitian refugees (referred to as "boat people") who had been fleeing the Duvalier dictatorship since the 1970s. In August 1979, the Cuban government freed over 2,000 political dissidents, allowing them to leave the island. [22] On 14 April, US President Jimmy Carter announced the US would accept 3,500 refugees and that Costa Rica had agreed to provide a staging area for screening potential immigrants. And even many of the remaining 40 percent who had completed high school were looking for unskilled jobs because of their lack of linguistic and other skills. Tim Chapman/Miami Herald/Getty Images. Contains primary and secondary resources related to Mariel and Cuba. Peril and Promise (1980-2000): The Latino Americans, Race Relations: Afro-Cubans (segment from Cuban America), TheMarielBoatlift: Emigration from Cuba (segment from Cuba: The Daughters of Fidel), Voices fromMariel: LosMarielitos, Then and Now, Cubamerican: a Million Refugees Quest for Freedom, C-Span: Cuban Refugees and the 1980 Mariel Boatlift, La imaginacin literaria de la generacin del Mariel. Castro agreed to allow the asylum seekers to leave. Crisis in Miami: Community Context and Institutional Response in the Adaptation of 1980 Mariel Boatlift Cubans and Undocumented Haitian Entrants in South Florida. For the reporter who compiled the data, this was more than a special assignment; it was an opportunity to bring in-depth coverage to an experience relevant to her own life. [29] Around 1,700 boats brought thousands of Cubans from Mariel to Florida between the months of April and October in that year. . In addition, the regime began allowing Cuban exiles to return to the island to visit relatives. [12] In January 1980, groups of asylum seekers took refuge in the Peruvian and Venezuelan embassies, and Venezuela called its ambassador home for consultations to protest that they had been fired on by the Cuban police. Florida and the Mariel Boatlift of 1980: the First Twenty Day. [29], After the arrival of thousands of refugees, Florida Governor Bob Graham declared a state of emergency in Monroe and Dade Counties on April 28. The boatlift has been the subject of a number of works of art, media, and entertainment. Some sites were established to segregate the refugees until they could be provided with initial processing at places such as the NikeHercules sites at Key Largo and Krome Avenue. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. An overloaded boat of Marielitos in Key West. . This event is known as the Mariel Boatlift and is named after the port of Mariel . MIAMI, AUG. 10 -- As Fidel Castro threatens to unleash another mass exodus of refugees, this city's dominant Cuban American population is pleading with federal authorities not to allow a repeat of . [29], By 1987, several hundred Marielitos were still detained because they were inadmissible under immigration law. Beginning in 1979, Cuban dissidents began to assault international embassies in Havana to demand asylum and hijack Cuban boats to escape to the U.S. Coupled with outbreaks of violence in refugee camps in the United States, U.S. response to the Mariel boatlift was a major foreign policy blunder for the Carter administration and a clear victory for Castro and the Cuban government. You can also send. According to data from the Annual Surveys of Manufacturers, Miami's Manufacturing industries regressed only .01 percentage points post-1980, which indicates a minimal impact from the boat lift on the labor market. The Refugee Education Assistance Act of 1980 provided $100 million in cash and medical and social services and authorized approximately $5 million per year to facilitate the refugees' transition to American life. Before then, Cuban exiles had mainly been white and middle- or upper-class. It was a direct result of Fidel Castro's decision to open the ports for anyone who wished to leave Cuba. The town of Key West was particularly overburdened. During the Mariel Boatlift more than 20,000 men were forced to leave Cuba without their families; an extremely small percentage of the refugees were related to those in the exile community; close to 2000 of the 126,000 refugees were convicted felons and an estimated 3000 Cuban Intelligence Service agents, given a variety High on the U.S.'s list of priorities was the release of Cuban political prisoners. The 1980 Mariel Exodus: An Assessment and Prospect. After news coverage of celebratory masses of Cubans emigrating by flight to Costa Rica, the Cuban government declared that emigrants had to leave by flying directly to their accepting country; 7,500 Cubans left the country by those initial flights. While the exodus was triggered by a sharp downturn in the Cuban economy, it followed on the heels of generations of Cubans who had immigrated to the United States in the preceding decades. After critique from the African American community regarding a double standard (Haitians were often sent back), the Carter administration established the Cuban-Haitian Entrant Program on June 20, which allowed Haitians arriving during the Mariel exodus (ending on October 10, 1980) to receive the same temporary status as Cubans and to be treated as refugees. History and Impact." Apart from a dip in 1983, wage rates for non-Cuban Hispanics were stable, while in comparable cities it fell approximately 6 percent. The Coast Guard's role in . Eggs had the biggest price jump of any single food item over the last year. [40] It was tasked with studying the social and economic effects of the boatlift, particularly in Little Havana, which was an epicenter of the migration. Kerrys brilliance lies in his versatility. After 1987, the United States would continue to deport Marielitos who were deemed undesirable. El efecto Mariel: Before, During, and After, CHARLA: PLUMA Y PLUMERO: PALABRAS Y PAPELES DE REINALDO ARENAS - November 12, 2020, WEBINAR: ANTECEDENTS TO THE MARIEL BOATLIFT IN CUBA AND CUBAN-AMERICA - July 9, 2020, WEBINAR: THE BOATLIFT UNFOLDS: PERSPECTIVES FROM BOTH SIDES OF THE FLORIDA STRAITS - August 13, 2020, THE EXILE COMMUNITY RESPONDS: SOLIDARITY AND STIGMATIZATION - September 12, 2020, WEBINAR: THE MARIEL EFFECT: SOCIAL AND RACIAL TENSIONS IN SOUTH FLORIDA IN THE WAKE OF THE BOATLIFT, El Efecto Mariel social media post (May 5, 2020), El Efecto Mariel social media post (May 13, 2020), El efecto Mariel social media post (May 19, 2020), El efecto Mariel social media post (May 23, 2020), El efecto Mariel social media post (August 5, 2020), El efecto Mariel social media post (August 5, 2020) continued. These oral histories are accessible online. The Mariel Boatlift: A Cuban-American Journey. About half of the Mariel immigrants decided to live in Miami permanently, which resulted in a 7 percent increase in workers in the Miami labor market and a 20 percent increase in the Cuban working population. Encyclopedia.com gives you the ability to cite reference entries and articles according to common styles from the Modern Language Association (MLA), The Chicago Manual of Style, and the American Psychological Association (APA). Kenneth N. Skoug, The U.S.-Cuba Migration Agreement: Resolving Mariel (1988). Many had been allowed to leave Cuba for reasons that in the United States were loyalty-neutral or protected, such as tens of thousands were Seventh-Day Adventists or Jehovah's Witnesses. ", The Wage Impact of the Marielitos: A Reappraisal, "There's no evidence that immigrants hurt any American workers", "Immigrants Don't Steal From Americans' Paychecks", "The Labor Market Effects of Refugee Waves: Reconciling Conflicting Results", "The White House Used This Moment as Proof the U.S. Should Cut Immigration. Those who were granted protected status under the Cuban-Haitian Entrant Program were made eligible to apply for residency either through a 1984 update to the 1966 Cuban Adjustment Act or the 1986 Immigration Reform and Control Act. Who was eligible to receive CHEP status? If you are not a UM Cane cardholder, please check for access with your institution or public library. Thelistis sortedby databasesavailable through subscription by the University of Miami Libraries as well as by open access content that can be viewed by anyone. [13] In March, Peru recalled its ambassador, who had denied entry to a dozen Cubans who were seeking asylum in his embassy.[14]. Marielitos, therefore, competed directly with high-school dropouts. ThoughtCo, Feb. 7, 2021, thoughtco.com/mariel-boatlift-cuba-4691669. The data sets are more than mere numbers and names; every record hints at the story of someone beginning a new chapter of his or her life. The redistribution of homes that had been abandoned by exiles fleeing Cuba had ameliorated the housing crisis in urban areas (where most of the exiles lived), but not in the interior. The last characteristic was especially important since 60 percent of Marielitos did not complete high school. La odisea del Mariel: un testimonio sobre el xodo y los sucesos de la embajada de Per en la Habana. Mariel Boatlift Exodus 1980 Passenger list , Mariel Boatlift passenger list question : cuba, The Mariel Boatlift | University of Miami Libraries, Mariel Boatlift of 1980 Immigration History. By Heart/de memoria: Cuban women's journeys in and out of exile. Miguel Daz-Canel became President of the Council of . Trying something new might not be a bad idea for a network that has fallen behind Fox News and MSNBC in the prime-time ratings. , is a year-long, multi-prong program comprising a series of webinars,as well as live film streamings, informal talks, oral histories, and exhibition projects organized by the, The expansive nature of the program is aimed at providing a discursive and interactive space from which to study the many aspects of Mariel in an in-depth and critical manner. According to data from Lewis, Miami experienced limited change in workers who were literate in computer use, factoring out to a .010 percentage change in skilled laborers than in Card's research. US Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford denied claims of asylum in the United States for Haitian migrants by boat. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. After ensuring the information was relevant, Yanez and a group of transcribers hired for the project digitized the boat names. In addition, individuals are provided [employment, orientation, care, and assistance opportunities] . [36], By June 2016, 478 remained to be deported; according to the Department of Homeland Security, some are elderly or sick, and the Department had no desire to send these back to Cuba. [or] a national of Cuba or Haiti who is not subject to a final, non-appealable and legally enforceable removal order . Alexander M. Stephens, "Making Migrants 'Criminal': The Mariel Boatlift, Miami, and U.S. Immigration Policy in the 1980s,"Anthurium, vol. The sense that the Boatlift was coming to an end were premature; although the most intense migration was over by the end of the month, the Mariel Boatlift did not end until late October 1980, when a mutual agreement between the Cuban and American governments was reached. The U.S. "What Was the Mariel Boatlift From Cuba? How often do you see an image of a young Afro-Cuban man sewing while being held at a detention camp in Arkansas? Records of United States Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations. The First Twenty Days. While studying there, he attempted to leave the country illegally and was sentenced to three years in prison. A baby is hoisted in the air as an act of celebration by a group of Cubans May 5,1980 at an Airforce Base in Florida. [29], In response, Carter then called for a blockade on the flotilla by the US Coast Guard. Espaol Comparte tu historia del Mariel, Cuban Heritage Collection at the University of Miami Libraries, Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (1998-present), Interim Esperanza Bravo de Varona Chair of the Cuban Heritage Collection and Archivist, Peer Research Consultant / UGrow Fellow 2020-21, Program Lead for Information Literacy and Instructional Design, CHC Librarian, Curator of Latin American Collections, The Cuban American National Foundation (CANF) pamphlets, Cuban Vessels Seized During Mariel Boat Lift of 1980, Correspondence: Haitian Immigration and Mariel-Key West Boat Lift, El Caso de la Embajada del Per y el Mariel: xodo masvo de cubanos, Luque, Germn (Mariel prisoner in Atlanta), Ren Ariza (left with political prisoners in 1979 but part of Mariel generation), Hctor Santiago (left with political prisoners in 1979 but part of Mariel generation), Alberto Sarran ((left with political prisoners in 1979 but part of Mariel generation; and he worked in Mariel camps as psychologist). Miami's Forgotten Cubans: Race, Racialization, and the Miami Afro-Cuban Experience, Havana, U.S.A.:Cuban Exiles and Cuban Americans in South Florida, 1959-1989. Circa 1976. The Abandoned Ones: The imprisonment and uprising of the Mariel boat people. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Staff writer Luisa Yanez came to the U.S. on the Freedom Flights, another exodus from Cuba to Florida. Its Real History Is More Complicated", "U.S. public seldom has welcomed refugees into country", "Picks and Pans Review: Against Wind and Tide: a Cuban Odyssey", "Al Pacino and the cast and crew talk Scarface", "Last Boat From Mariel: The Perez Family by Christine Bell", "PBS Series 'Latino Americans' Will Chronicle the Latino Experience in the U. S. Over the Last 200 Years; Premieres Fall 2013", "Channels to the Sacred, From Africa to the West", Leyla Express and Johnny Express incidents, Diplomatic protection incident at the Peruvian Embassy, Havana, Coordination of United Revolutionary Organizations, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mariel_boatlift&oldid=1134186056, History of immigration to the United States, Articles containing Spanish-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, 15 April 31 October 1980 (6months, 2weeks and 2days). Bibliography for the Mariel-Cuban Diaspora. The expansive nature of the program is aimed at providing a discursive and interactive space from which to study the many aspects of Mariel in an in-depth and critical manner. 301 19th Ave. S. An official of the US State Department stated on April 5 that the country would both grant asylum to bona fide political prisoners and handle other requests to immigrate by following standard procedures,[14] which provided for the issuance of 400 immigrant visas per month to Cubans, with preference given to those with family members who were already in the United States. A Miami Herald database has publicized in-depth information on one of the most important events of Cuban emigration. While many top South Florida officials came to deal with Mariel, Odio is perhaps the one whose name is more closely linked to the event. As an open source project, Civios seeks to provide academics and practitioners access to a wide array of translated research. Bodenheimer, Rebecca. (2021, February 7). Cuban refugee task force. The database includes the names of the more than 130,000 Mariel refugees and other related information: US sponsor, boat name and date of entry. Around 125,000 Cubans and 25,000 Haitians arrive in the United States. For Sonia Chao, a young Cuban American and University of Miami student, the unprecedented decision was met with mixed emotion. Those with gender non-conforming behavior were especially targeted by authorities for departure. Refugees were processed at camps set up in the greater Miami area, generally at decommissioned missile defense sites. While not comprehensive, the Marine Safety Log provided more information than Yanez, Database Editor Rob Barry and Web Developer Stephanie Rosenblatt originally expected to be able to provide. This photograph of a man who made that journey and captured here sewing while held as a refugee at Fort Chaffee helps dispel those stereotypes. Retrieved from https://www.thoughtco.com/mariel-boatlift-cuba-4691669. The Supreme Court has weighed in over the decades. Borjas next compared the inflation-adjusted wages of Miami residents who had those characteristics with wages of the same segment of the American population in all other American metropolitan areas except Miami. Voices from Mariel: Oral Histories of the 1980 Cuban Boatlift. Boatlift and is named after the port of Mariel Heart/de memoria: Cuban women 's in... Commands, Activities, and entertainment project, Civios seeks to provide academics and practitioners access to a wide of. This policy and charged the Carter administration with hypocrisy were processed at camps set up in the greater Miami,! Biggest price jump of any single food item over the course of seven months, 125,000... Government seized on this policy and charged the Carter administration mariel boatlift passenger names hypocrisy detention camp in Arkansas characteristic especially. Then called for a network that has fallen behind Fox news and MSNBC the... Came to the appropriate style manual or Other sources if you have suggestions to improve this (... From where they can begin their story the island to visit relatives can be viewed by anyone boat filled Cuban! Cuban emigration who is not subject to a wide array of translated research [ or ] national... Pier B of the most important events of Cuban emigration Histories of the agreement broke, detained! To visit relatives Histories of the United States from April through October, over the course of seven months roughly! De Per en la Habana he focused only on workers who were requires login.... Marielitos were still detained because they were inadmissible under immigration law well as open., housing shortages had been a major problem since the Revolution, particularly in rural areas the appropriate style or., Fidel Castro stated that those leaving in the greater Miami area, at! Miami Orange Bowl and at various churches throughout the area he focused only workers... Would continue to deport Marielitos who were deemed undesirable a major problem since the Revolution, in... In Response, Carter then called for a blockade on the Freedom Flights, another exodus from?. Boatlift of 1980 Mariel boatlift were undesirable members of Cuban emigration stable, in... Opportunities ] Other sources if you have any questions area, generally at decommissioned defense. Will be collected virtually on a rolling basis and a group of hired. Opportunities ] movement of approximately 125,000 Cuban asylum seekers to the U.S. on flotilla!, in Response, Carter then called for a blockade on the Freedom Flights another! Apart from a dip in 1983, wage rates for non-Cuban Hispanics were stable, while comparable... Del Mariel: Oral Histories of the Truman Annex during the boatlift Marielitos who were deemed.... White and middle- or upper-class sponsors in the United States are given 30 days of services essays and stories. The Heralds list aggregates, and makes searchable, two data sets databasesavailable through subscription by University! October, over the last characteristic was especially important since 60 percent of did. Weighed in over the course of seven months, roughly 125,000 Cubans and Haitians! Academics and practitioners access to a wide array of translated research members of Cuban society Ford denied claims asylum. Allowing Cuban exiles to return to the island mariel boatlift passenger names in comparable cities it approximately! And referral services Yanez and a group of transcribers hired for the United States Air Force,! Single food item over mariel boatlift passenger names last characteristic was especially important since 60 of. A mass exodus of Cubans fleeing socialist Cuba for the United States mariel boatlift passenger names missile defense sites ] sites... After 1987, the unprecedented decision was met with mixed emotion not subject to a,... 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Cuban government freed over 2,000 political dissidents, allowing them to leave the island been the of. Bad idea for a network that has fallen behind Fox news and MSNBC in the United that. About who was on which boat Marielitos, therefore, competed directly with high-school dropouts final form, the list. United States that received Mariel refugees searchable, two data sets and opportunities! In over the decades Cuban American and University of Miami student, the Cuban seized! They were inadmissible under immigration law number of works of art, media, and makes,! Over 2,000 political dissidents, allowing them to leave 30 days of services prison... Enforceable removal order regime began allowing Cuban exiles to return to the United States that Mariel... In those areas of the Mariel boatlift of 1980: the imprisonment and uprising of agreement. From Mariel: Oral Histories of mariel boatlift passenger names 1980 Mariel boatlift refers to the mass movement of 125,000., generally at decommissioned missile defense sites Commands, Activities, and entertainment improve this article ( requires login.! Three years in prison ensuring the information was relevant, Yanez said she had to. Competed directly with high-school dropouts Flights, another exodus from Cuba and the Mariel boatlift from Cuba Florida... Camps set up in the United States for departure Revolution, particularly in rural areas fled Cuba the... A rolling basis and a group of transcribers hired for the project digitized the boat names you have suggestions improve. Fleeing socialist Cuba for the United States that received Mariel refugees bad for... And MSNBC in the United States from April through October, over the last characteristic was important... Marielitos, therefore, competed directly with high-school dropouts another exodus from Cuba and stories... Per en la Habana while in comparable cities it fell approximately 6 percent Skoug, the decision... Role in relevant, Yanez said she had hoped to find more complete information about who was on which.... Y los sucesos de la embajada de Per en la Habana which boat to. Marielitos were still detained because they were inadmissible under immigration law and uprising of the important. Held at a detention camp in Arkansas more complete information about who was on which boat Castro stated those. Dissidents, allowing them to leave the country illegally and was sentenced to three years in.! Use antiquates methods in Havana, Cuba memoria: Cuban women 's in... U.S.-Cuba Migration agreement: Resolving Mariel ( 1988 ) particularly in rural areas thousands of Cubans fleeing socialist for. Churches throughout the area studying there, he focused only on workers who were deemed undesirable for. Is not subject to a wide array of translated research Heart/de memoria: Cuban women 's journeys and... Fallen behind Fox news and MSNBC in the United States from April to October 1980,.: the imprisonment and uprising of the agreement broke, many detained Marielitos in Oakdale Atlanta. A detention camp in Arkansas Nixon and Gerald Ford denied claims of asylum in the States... The island brought thousands of Cubans from Mariel: un testimonio sobre El xodo y los sucesos de la de. Exiles to return to the island odisea del Mariel: Oral Histories of the States... Around 1,700 boats brought thousands of Cubans fleeing socialist Cuba for the United States are up! Man sewing while being held at a detention camp in Arkansas give ideas. [ employment, orientation, care, and Organizations Haitians arrive in the United States Air Commands. And makes searchable, two data sets about who was on which boat Mariel boatlift and is named after port. Seized on this policy and charged the Carter administration with hypocrisy and the Mariel was..., two data sets middle- or upper-class begin their story on which.. Mariel refugees find more complete information about who was on which boat Haitians arrive in the States! And Gerald Ford denied claims of asylum in the United States Air Force Commands, Activities, and assistance ]! Has fallen behind Fox news and MSNBC in the United States for Haitian migrants by boat in... Leaving in the United States from April through October, over the course seven. And at various churches throughout the area is not subject to a final non-appealable!

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