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Research Library open Monday-Saturday, 10:00 am-5:00 pm, EMAIL: Info@VirginiaHistory.org Citations help you keep track of places you have searched and sources you have found. They rose to a high of about $1,250 during the cotton boom of the late 1830s, fell to below half that level in the 1840s, and rose to about $1,450 in the late 1850s. Create a free website or blog at WordPress.com. George was a soldier in the war of 1812, and returned determined to lead a life of freedom for himself, his family and slaves. 1810 Census Stoner, Bourbon Co, KY1 Slave, 1820 Census West Port, Henry Co, KY3 Slaves:2 M under 141 F under 14. "Slave Owners in 'Spotsylvania' County, 1783," Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. Events and motives of individuals, as well as the nuances of emotion, are always more complex. Most engaged in day-to-day resistancebreaking equipment, stealing foodstuffs, slowing the work-pace. Richard Bennett. Washington crossed just hours after the arrival of the Union army at Falmouth; indeed, he may have been the first to do so, the first of more than 10,000 to follow. Pre-1820 manumissions of individuals drawn from the extant deed and will books of Dinwiddie, Prince George, Chesterfield, Charles City, Isle of Wight, Southampton, Surry, and Sussex Counties. Then, at 7:30, we will present 10,000 Lights to Freedom, an interpretive program of music, the words of those who were there, readings, and of course, the illumination of 10,000 lights on the Stafford shore. Helpful Links . He and other Confederate wounded were being gathered there for evacuation to hospitals to the south and further away from enemy lines. . A turn of the century view of the Liberty Street side of 600 Commerce St., Charles Millers shop. For more information on the weekend, click here. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Artist Tom W. Freeman, SM&S Naval Prints, recently created the only known rendering of a Fredericksburg landscape during the War of 1812 era. The Superior Court Grand Jury returned an indictment against Boxley for insurrection; his wife was never blamed or charged for aiding her husband. Germanna Community College is part of the Virginia Community College System and serves the City of Fredericksburg, and the counties of Stafford, Spotsylvania, Orange, Culpeper, and King George. Pre-1820 Virginia Manumissions. Taxation of Free African Americans in Colonial Virginia and North Carolina. Chancery Records Index: Hanover County (Va.) Chancery Causes, 1831-001-1913-041 Library of Virginia The Library of Virginia . When he walked in the front door of the bank, his owner, Catherine Taliaffero, was busy packing to head to the country. Beverly Beazley abt 1827 Virginia, United States. Updated: Jan 18, 2023 / 10:57 AM EST. Will probated Oct 1826 Henry Co, KY. There are no incorporated towns or cities in Spotsylvania County. Be the first one to, Slave Owners Spotsylvania County, 1783 (Continued), The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Volume 4, https://archive.org/metadata/jstor-4241963, http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/4241963, JSTOR Early Journal Content, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). On May 9, 1861, at 23 years of age, Alfred volunteered for service in the Greenbrier Rifles, which would become part of the 27th Virginia Infantry, a regiment in the famous Stonewall Brigade of the Confederate Army. The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. It accounted for the saleand resulting destruction of families and social networksof as many as two million Black people from Richmond to the Deep South, where the cotton industry provided a market for enslaved labor. The court later declared that The public enemy have carried off two thirds of the available blacks labor of the county, and that by 1864 half of the countys lands were no longer in cultivation. The first is an account written by Helen Bernard,a white resident who was staying just outside town at a house called Beaumontnear where Golds Gym stands today. Spotsylvania County records, 1721-1800; being transcriptions, from the original files at the County Court House, of wills, deeds, administrators' and guardians' bonds, marriage licenses, and lists of Revolutionary pensioners. Reel 0966 - 1850 Virginia - Ohio County) Reel 0967 - 1850 Virginia - Orange, Page, and Patrick Counties) Reel 0968 - 1850 Virginia - Pendleton and Pittsylvania Counties) Reel 0969 - 1850 Virginia - Pocahontas, Powhatan, and Preston Counties) Reel 0970 - 1850 Virginia - Prince Edward, Prince George, and Prince William Counties) GEORGE BOXLEY: SLAVE SYMPATHIZER Continue reading . Spotswood erected a palatial home and, after the Germans moved away to Germantown, continued the ironworks with slave . Abt 1701 Spotsylvania County, Virginia d. 18 Apr 1776 Pamunkey, Spotsylvania County, Virginia . The event sent shockwaves throughout the nation and deepened the divide over slavery. However, as he was sworn in on June 2, 1865, Gallands story had the power to clear a mans name and reveal the threads of guilt among the accused soldiers. FS Library; reprinted in Virginia Tax Records. They also passed new restrictions on Black Virginians, including requiring Black congregations to be supervised by a white minister, and making it illegal to teach Black people to read. Byrd, William. It is believed that his wife smuggled a saw in the hem of her skirt into the jail. The per capita income for the county was $37,212. In response, white Virginians arrested and prosecuted more than seventy men for insurrection and conspiracy. Spotsylvania residents are represented by either Abigail Spanberger (D-7th District) or Rob Wittman (R-1st District) in the House of Representatives. These tensions prompted the 1816 creation of the American Colonization Society, devoted to removing free Black Americans to Africa. Of his fathers 1,979 acres, known as The Grange, George was willed 170 acres and two slaves, Harry and Dafney, valued at $460. While hunting the bird he spots slave hunters, runs back to his village and tells the inhabitants what he has seen. As Doctor Galland rose to testify, he must have presented both an unusual figure on the stand and a deep surprise to the soldiers on trial. Susanna Michele Lee, now at North Carolina State University, examined and recorded these and other primary sources on behalf of the park. For a great history of Helens primary home at Gay Mont in Port Royal, click here.). Through the words of his testimony, we perceive a man who was perhaps not well-educated but was courageous enough to speak of his experiences with clarity and determination. Old birth index, 1853-1866, found in volumes 1-8, 13-50, Birth index of slaves, 1853-1866, volumes 9-12, Delayed birth index, 1912-1950, in three volumes separately numbered, Births, 1853-1896, unnumbered volumes grouped by county and independent city, Name of owner, former owner, overseer, employer, informant. [7], As the colonial population increased, Spotsylvania County was established in 1721 from parts of Essex, King and Queen, and King William counties. After a failed attempt to buy their freedom and fearing their sale to the Deep South, Newby joined Browns small army. On Saturday on the hour from 11 till 3, we will be doing walking tours, A Slaves World and Beyond, which includes many sites associated with John Washington. Scope and Content Orange County (Va.) Free Negro and Slave Records, 1738-1865. Researchers think that's where John was probably born. Spotsylvania County (Va.), and William Armstrong Crozier. In 1805, George married Hannah Jenkins from a nearby farm and they began a family. Francis Cammock, 3 Gawin Corbin, 35 Mark Carrill, I Edward Collins, 7 Walter Chiles, 1 2 Richard Coleman, 7 Edward Coleman, 2 . This may require viewing multiple records or images. ** Spotsylvania County Court Order Book, April 4, 1864, Library of Virginia. Phone: 540-507-7000. As of the census[20] of 2010, there were 122,397 people, 31,308 households, and 24,639 families residing in the county. 69 occurrences of free *slave* records Administrative Information. Spotsylvania is governed by a Board of Supervisors. This page was last edited on 6 January 2023, at 21:27. This is a category for those who held slaves in this county. Boxley allegedly gave them two of his horses, some money and directions to Pennsylvania. For every 100 females, there were 97.10 males. He published two anti-slavery articles under a pen name. In May 1816, Georges wife Hannah and their children visited him in jail the new brick jail built in 1813 and situated next to the clerks office and across the road from the Court House built in 1801. on the Internet. Lawson Barnett 15 Feb 1791 Fauquier, Virginia, United States - 12 Jul 1864. Julia A. Thompson, 84, remembers her grandmother telling about "being auctioned off on a block in Charlestown, W. Va." before arriving in Spotsylvania as a Waller slave. Imagine troop concentrations in southern Stafford County and on the heights just west of Fredericksburgand military movements from one towards the other. Permission courtesy Joe Wilson, copy photo courtesy Tom W. Freeman; image not for re-use or reproduction. on March 19, 2013, There are no reviews yet. Births, 1853-1896, unnumbered volumes grouped by county and independent city. Pork and corn were the primary rations issued to those who were enslaved, but they were supplemented by plants and animals grown or raised or gathered from nearby rivers and fields. Boxley fled to Ohio and Indiana, where he was joined by his family. The World's largest gravesite collection. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. The banjo is a uniquely American musical instrument with African origins. Washington is the classic example of a slave who humored those in authority, always taking care that they thought him willing and compliant. Enjoy exciting benefits and explore new exhibitions year-round. The war resulted in widespread disruption and opportunity: some 10,000 African-American slaves left area plantations and city households to cross the Rappahannock River, reaching the Union lines and gaining freedom. I could not begin to express my new born hopes for I feltlike I Was certain of My freedom now. He was taxable in Elizabeth City County on a free tithe in 1782 [Fothergill, Virginia Tax Payers, 9], taxable in York County on a free tithe and slaves Peter, Dinah, Joe, Lucy, and Dinah in 1784, taxable on 3 tithes, 2 slaves over the age of 16, 6 horses and 14 cattle in 1785, taxable on a slave in 1790 and 1799 and taxable on 100 acres in York . Amidst the chaos that attended emancipation, some slaves remained. George Boxley (1780-1865) was a white abolitionist and former slaveholder who allegedly tried to coordinate a local slave rebellion on March 6, 1815, while living in Spotsylvania, Virginia.His plan was based on "heaven-sent" orders to free the slaves. His explanation follows. Richmond, Virginia CNN . jakej It is heartsickening to think of having our beautiful valley that we have so loved and admired all overrun & desolated by our bitter enemies, whose sole object is to subjugate & plunder the South.. Edited by Louis B. Wright. I am a student "Slave Owners Spotsylvania County, 1783 (Continued)" is an article from The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Volume 4. Learn how your comment data is processed. Lets consider another American war with a single- or multiple centennial this year. Categories: Virginia, Slave Owners | Spotsylvania County, Virginia, Slavery. The summer 1862 occupation of Fredericksburg and Stafford County is a period in the regions history that receives little attention when compared to the battles and events that followed a few months later. This morning I attended, and spoke at, Crossing the Rappahannock: A Pilgrimage to Freedom. Eric Mink uncovered Hesters story here. The enemy are in possession of Falmouth, our force on this side too weak to resist them. He married Mary Mitcham 1750-1820. Union authorities set to work using the refugees in a variety of roles. The central figures were cunning tricksters, often represented as tortoises, spiders, or rabbits, who defeated more powerful enemies through wit and guile, not power and authority. He stopped first at his owners residence in the Farmers Bank building on Princess Anne Street. Spotsylvania County, Virginia, Slave Owners (0, 64, 4) Stafford County, Virginia, Slave Owners (1, 19, 2) Linkpendium! Directions. . Among them was Dangerfield Newby, a former slave from the Shenandoah Valley. The event, put on by the African American Heritage Alliance of Culpeper county, headed by Zann Nelson and Howard Lambert, commemorated the 150th anniversary of the Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation by visiting the site of the famous August 19, 1862 photograph of slaves crossing the Rappahannock. Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. Profiles are placed in this category with this text [[Category:Spotsylvania County, Virginia, Slave Owners]] . 1820 Census Fredericksburg, Spotsylvania Co VA20 Slaves:3 M under 142 M 14-252 M 26-442 M 45 and over5 F under 143 F 14-251 F 26-441 F 45 and over, 1830 Census Spotsylvania Co, VA25 Slaves:5 M under 104 M 10-232 M 24-353 M 36-541 M 55-995 F under 103 F 10-231 F 24-351 F 36-54, Richard died 5 Aug 1832. when FIFTY-FIVE of its inhabitants (mostly women and children) were inhumanely massacred by the Blacks!,(VMHC Broadside 1831.2), Bowie knife taken from John Brown at Harpers Ferry by Lt. J. E. B. Stuart of the U.S. Cavalry. The building is now on the market. They also helped preserve African traditions through music, funeral customs, and call-and-response forms of worship. Last Updated: Aug 24, 2022 11:44 AM; URL: https://lva-virginia.libguides.com . A majority of inhabitants in some of Virginias eastern counties were held in bondage. The slavery categories exist to help with tracking the genealogy and family history of pre-Civil War era slaves. Make An Appointment to View Photographs & Museum Objects, Order Photocopies & Digital Reproductions, The Garden Club of Virginia Historic Restorations Project, Confederate Memorial Literary Society (CMLS) Image Collection, Major Business Record Collections at the Virginia Historical Society, Basic Virginia business and economic history bibliography and online resources, Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names, Virginia's Civil War: A Guide to Manuscripts at the Virginia Historical Society, Civil War in Virginia Published & Primary Sources, Index to African American material in the broadside collection, Index to African American material in the sheet music collection, Manuscript Collections for the Environmental History Resources Guide, Other Related Collections for the Environmental History Resources Guide, Virginia Historical Society Gift Calculator, Tax Information & Charitable Accountability. (We have written about that photograph here and here.) In November 1862, the governor of Virginia issued a proclamation requisitioning slaves for the Confederate war effort. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. After the crew finished shooting for the day, Judge Nelson Waller and his wife, Frances . View more articles from The. Later, the Ware family took over management of the Bank and its residential space. Boxley first surfaced in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania where he soon signed a power of attorney from Washington County to sell his land in Spotsylvania. They said that they were fleeing from the harsh conditions that they had endured at a neighboring plantation, and they desperately hoped that Boxley could help. Events in which overseas interests or forces played a key role include the Mannahoc-English skirmish at the Rappahannock falls in 1608resulting from an effort by the Virginia Company of London to find gold, silver, and trade routes to the Pacificto a brief but contested British amphibious landing on Stafford Countys Widewater Peninsula in 1775. See A Guide to Virginia City and County Records on Microfilm for available indexes. Language, music, cuisine, and architecture in the United States are all heavily influenced by African traditions and are part of a uniquely American culture. He finally got word to his wife about his whereabouts and she and their children followed a friends relative from Virginia to Ohio where they all met in Fayette County and lived for seven years. One explanation given in the classroom and elsewhere is that Carters William easily became William Carter. luckily, there are now some local records easily accessible on-line to test whether slaves in one area actually did adopt their final masters name. Wilson had not put up a convincing defense, and both the attacker and the details of that dark nights events remained clouded in mystery, until the next witnessa source more likely to be overlooked than trustedtook the stand. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. He was killed on the first day of fighting. Skip to main content. Birth index of slaves, 1853-1866, volumes 9-12. Birth: Stevens, J. The Executors Bond for Abraham's will is dated 18 Apr 1782. Antislavery factions argued that this revolt demonstrated the corruptive effects of slavery and refuted enslavers claims of the contented slave. Washington was a slave who spent most of his life in bondage in Fredericksburg, and seven years after the war wrote a truly compelling memoir of his experience. Susanna Michele Lee, now at North Carolina State University, examined and recorded these and . Helen Struan Bernard, from Rebecca Campbell Lights War at Our Doors. Conjectural sketch (inset) of Fredericksburgs first Market House/Town Hall, constructed c. 1757 and fronting on Caroline Street. Spotswood established a colony of German immigrants on the Germanna tract in 1714, partly for frontier defense but mainly to operate his newly developed ironworks. Religious meetingswhether secret gatherings in the woods or church congregationsbecame crucibles for collective activism. Travelers to Virginia were appalled by the system of slavery they saw practiced there. Abraham Estes III was born 1717 in St Stephens Parish, King and Queen County VA and died 15 Jan 1780 in Spotsylvania County, VA. [Spotsylvania Count Will Bk E pg 453]. Of the many narratives of that day, two stand out for both their quality and their contrast. 2008 - 2022 INTERESTING.COM, INC. Slave codes also punished white Virginians who assisted Black people in violating the codes. (LogOut/ An 18th-Century Pre-Nuptial Agreement from Fluvanna County page 14; Three Lists of Negro Slaves Owned by Lewis Holladay of Bellefonte, Spotsylvania County, Va., 1800-1817 page 19; Spotsylvania County, Va. Tax Assessments, 1779-1780 page 20; Central Virginia Historical Organizations page 24 "Other Free" Heads of Household in the 1810 Virginia Census, by Family Name . . I will come right back directly, he said, and then walked out the door never to return as a slave. Soon thereafter he saw a Spotsylvania County newspaper advertisement for his bounty, and he left and settled near Cincinnati, Ohio where he worked as a school teacher. Murder in Fredericksburg: Doctor Galland Takes the Stand (Part 3), Alonzo Gambel and Union Camp Servants Summer 1862, The War of 1812 in the Fredericksburg Area: Backstory and the First Local Campaign. Not waiting to find out his fate, George escaped the day after his familys visit. He decided to return, get his family and relocate. The University of Mary Washington located in neighboring Fredericksburg, Virginia, is a four-year university and graduate school that also serves the area. (VMHC1994.73), Painting of a slave auction in Richmond by Lefevre Cranstone, an English observer, about 1859. Because of this there may be limitations on where and how images and indexes are available or who can see them. Is this the most important Civil War-era building in the Fredericksburg region? The 2019 median income for a household in the county was $90,913 compared to $64,994 for the United States; the median income for a family was $87,922. Real destitution and distress exists in this county even among that part of its people who are not indigent but who have not the necessary supply of [food] to feed them.**. The ford road comes out of the river on the north side and is still quite evident where it [crossses] the river into Fauquier. Courthouse Historic District Web Tour; . This page has been accessed 1,457 times. bef. Spotsylvania County Public Schools is a public school district serving Spotsylvania County, Virginia. With the arrival of the Union army (we wrote of Washingtons perception of that here), and while white residents rushed to flee or hide, Washington took to the streets. Executors: wife Ann and son Richard. One of the familys slaves was John Washington, who spent most of his first 24 years living in this building, tending to the needs and wants of his owner, Catherine Ware, later Taliaferro. web pages This page has been viewed 26,704 times (0 via redirect). Bud Hall, an indefatigable and unconquerable preservationist and maven of all things Civil War Culpeper (he is the only one of the Virginia crowd of preservationists to have his picture on the front of a national magazine, so far as I know), recently managed to visit the site and kindly share with us this image of the site today. An early Fredericksburg historian, who doubtless had neighbors and acquaintances possessing memories of the Napoleonic period, wrote that bitter feeling over foreign policy and other political issues increased locally through the 1790s, even boiling over at times. In 1796, Fredericksburgers learned that one of their fellow townsmen, William MCoy, was among the American sailors impressed by the British Navy. Reel 0003 - 1790 Rhode Island, South Carolina, Vermont, and Virginia and 1840 Census Pensioners - Entire state) Reel 0549 - 1840 Virginia - Accomack, Albermarle, and Amelia Counties) Reel 0550 - 1840 Virginia - Amherst, Bedford, Brunswick, and Buckingham Counties) Reel 0551 - 1840 Virginia - Augusta, Alleghany, Bath, and Berkeley Counties) Did the freemen choose these names when they became free or are these surnames that they carried before freedom came? The state tried and executed Turner and 19 conspirators. For additional information about image restrictions see Restrictions for Viewing Images in FamilySearch Historical Record Collections. A., DeCosta, B. F., Johnston, H. P., Lamb, M. J., & Pond, N. G. (1887). In the early 1830s, he became the third partner in Franklin and Armfield, and the face of the company in Richmond, which was emerging as a vital node of the domestic slave trade. 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